GLOBAL EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF DISTANCE FORMS OF EDUCATION

Abstract

The article reveals the main content of the distance form of obtaining education. It was found that it involves access to the Internet, the availability of technical means, such as a computer, tablet or smartphone for the
participants of the educational process. In addition, teachers must possess distance learning technologies, which represent a complex of educational technologies, including psychological-pedagogical and information-communication technologies. After all, the issues of the development of distance education remain relevant even in such a difficult period that Ukraine is currently experiencing. It was found that distance learning in the conditions of martial law should be aimed at students who are forced to temporarily or permanently live outside their place of residence, or even outside the state. It was determined that the idea of introducing distance learning is not new. The nearly two-century history of distance education can be divided into four periods, from mail-order learning in the late nineteenth century to today’s high-throughput computer-based learning. An analysis of scientific sources has been carried out, which shows that the conceptual foundations for the development of distance forms of education have been sufficiently developed in Ukraine. Thus, the works of domestic scientists highlight the problems of implementing the educational process in unfavorable conditions and conclude that the strategy for the distance vector in education should be supported at the state level. In their research, foreign scientists note that distance learning must be carefully planned, prepared and organized in advance. The peculiarities of the introduction of distance learning in the countries of the world in the conditions of the pandemic are considered. It was determined that higher education institutions around the world have a common goal - to provide a high level of education in extraordinary circumstances, while maintaining the highest academic standards. Distance learning in all considered institutions is widely used during unusual circumstances, develops the arsenal of technical means and the infrastructure of learning management systems, expands technical capabilities and becomes an integral part of modern education. It was concluded that on the basis of the world experience in the development of distance forms of education, it is possible to establish directions for the further development of the latest pedagogical technologies, which will remain useful even after the end of hostilities.